Executive Summary: Comparing JSON index capabilities, concurrency models (MVCC), connection pooling, and replication mechanisms between MySQL and Postgres.

Selecting between MySQL 8 and PostgreSQL 16 is one of the most critical technology decisions when bootstrapping SaaS infrastructure.

1. Architectural Comparison


  • JSON Processing: PostgreSQL JSONB indexes binary JSON efficiently using GIN indexes. MySQL 8 has improved JSON functions but handles multi-valued indexing differently.

  • Concurrency Control: PostgreSQL handles heavy concurrent write workloads with minimal lock contention using advanced MVCC.

  • Connection Handling: MySQL uses a lightweight thread-per-connection model. Postgres uses process-per-connection, requiring PgBouncer connection pooling for thousands of clients.


  • 2. Summary Recommendation


    Use MySQL for high-speed read/write web applications with straightforward schemas. Use PostgreSQL for complex analytical queries, geospatial data (PostGIS), or heavy JSONB document querying.